8.TT.1.1

__ The Striking Sixties __ For part of the eighth grade exit project, you are required to write a paper on a decade of your choice. The decade chosen is the nineteen-sixties. One of the very many reasons the nineteen sixties was chosen is because -the nineteen sixties was the year the world evolutionized and gave the first glimpse into the world that is lived in today. In the year of 1960, after decades of debating and disputing, Brazilmade the decision to relocate their Nations Capital. Rio de Janeirowas exceedingly overpopulated. That is when the government came to the conclusion that they needed to relocate the capital to Brasilia-a planned and built city. This change was greatly disputed for years, but had never been taken seriously until then. When this change occurred, it was considered quite a success. Even though Brasiliais the new capital, Rio de Janeirostill has a much higher population, and is the second largest city in Brazilnext to **São Paulo****. All in all, this change was a success and it inspired other countries to change.** The year of nineteen sixty-four is the year in history when everyone in the United States became equal. In 1960, when Kennedy was running for Presidency, he proclaimed "The Negro baby born in America today, regardless of the section of the nation in which he is born, has about one-half as much chance of completing high school as a white baby born in the same place on the same day; one third as much chance of completing college; one third as much chance of becoming a professional man; twice as much chance of becoming unemployed; about one-seventh as much chance of earning $10,000 a year; a life expectancy which is seven years shorter; and the prospects of earning only half as much." Kennedy promised to create a new civil rights act, but failed to do so until his third year in presidency. The Civil Rights Act passed on July 2nd, 1964 which Congress passed 73-27. The new laws forbade discrimination based on race, ethnic group, sex, or religion. This was a HUGE conflict between Northern States, and Southern States. In1965, the United States sent the first 3,500 marines to fight in South Vietnam. This happened in response to the Gulf of Tonkin Incident on August 2nd and 4th, 1965. President Johnson then ordered “Operation Rolling Thunder”. This all started our involvement in the Vietnam War. On September 8th, 1966, Star Trek the television show first aired on NBC. This show was about a man named Captain Kirk and the crew of Starship Enterprise. On their adventures, they explore space, and defended the United Federation of Planets. Unfortunately, this show only ran from 1966-1969 due to the fact that NBC feared “Star Trek” was “too brainy” for audiences. In the year nineteen sixty-seven, America had our first Super Bowl. AFL architect and owner of the Kansas City Chiefs named the game after the inspiration of his daughters “Super Ball”. This game was played by The Green Bay Packers, and The Kansas City Chiefs. This nerve racking championship game was played in Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. In this massive 100,000 seat stadium, 61,946 people attended, while approximately 60 million people were glued to their television sets. The unlikely hero in this game was Backup Wide Receiver, Max McGee. McGee was out partying the night before, and was in no shape to play football. He usually received little to no playing time. Boyd Dowler (the starting wide receiver) was injured early on in the game making McGee have to play. Just moments after entering the game though, he caught a 37-yard touchdown pass from Bart Starr to cap off an 80-yard drive that gave the Packers an early lead. On the day, McGee caught seven passes for 138 yards and two touchdowns as the Packers went on to win the first Super Bowl, 35-10. At 6:01p.m. On April 4th, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King was shot. At the Lorraine Motel in Memphis Tennessee, King was getting ready for dinner, when he went out on his balcony. That was when he was shot by a .30-06 caliber sniper. King was found in a matter of seconds and was wounded in the neck and jaw. King was pronounced dead at 7:05 p.m. King was only 39 years old. Violence was what brought King to Memphis, and his death outraged the Negro community. There were massive riots, and violent streaks all over the country. Today, The Lorraine Motel is the National Civil Rights Museum. On July, 20th 1969, the United States changed the world forever. On May 25th, 1961, President Kennedy said we must send a man to the moon and have him return safely by the end of the decade. On the Apollo 11 mission, we did it. Neil Armstrong, Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin, and Michael Collins made it to the moon despite all the complications like landing. Neil Armstrong was the first man on the moon followed by Buzz Aldrin minutes later. This historical moment was broadcasted all over the world. As Armstrong was climbing down to the surface, Armstrong said the words that would be glued in people’s hearts forever; “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” President Nixon called them from the oval office, and congratulated them and told them that “This is the most historical phone call ever made.” When they left the moon, they left behind excess supplies to lighten their load. They also left behind a plaque that read, “Here men from the planet earth first set foot upon the moon. July 20th, 1969 A.D.
 * By: Mackenzie Patak **
 * In the year 1961, the Peace Corps was founded. This new operation was founded by President John F. Kennedy on March 1st, 1961. President Kennedy held a rally at a university at 2:00am. To his surprise, 10,000 students showed up to support his idea. They wanted to make a difference in the world and he wasn’t about to let that slip away. He presented his idea before congress and made founding the organization an absolute priority. He also asked congress for permanent funding to this non-profit organization. Congress agreed, and the Peace Corps was born. The Peace Corps has proven to be one of the most highly innovative and most publicized programs in United States history. Now, every year, thousands of volunteers go to help in third world countries.**
 * On August 5th, 1962, Norma Jean Mortenson-publically known as the star Marilyn Monroe was pronounced dead. Millions of Americans were utterly shocked and distraught. Fans all over mourned her death. Ms. Monroe was found naked on her bed with a bottle of sleeping pills by her side. Her death was a mystery. No one knows if Ms. Monroe’s death was a tragic accident, murder, or if she committed suicide. Before her death, Monroe’s life had begun to go in a downward spiral. She was cut from a movie role in “Something’s Got to Give”, and her recent divorce with Arthur Miller. There were also speculations that Ms. Monroe was involved with President John F. Kennedy and/or his brother Robert. During her career, Monroe’s movies grossed over a whopping $200 million dollars, and is still today a symbol of beauty.**
 * At 12:30 on November 22nd, 1963 President John F. Kennedy was shot during a motorcade in Dallas, Texas. They rushed the President to Parkland hospital to perform a tracheostomy. He was pronounced dead at 1:00pm, and his body was moved back on Air-Force One to Washington against the Texas Authorities wishes. President Lyndon Johnson was sworn into Presidency upon the air-craft. Today, the killer is still unknown. Their have been countless suspects, like Lee Harvey Oswald, but the trail went cold. John F. Kennedy was said to be one of America’s best presidents. This was a cold-blooded murder, and America was mourning the short-lived life of its 45 year-old president. May he rest in peace.**